Thursday, July 31, 2008

ENTRY 4

Diet (nutrition)

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This article is primarily about the human diet. For a discussion of animal diets, see List of feeding behaviours.

In nutrition, the diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.[1] Dietary habits are the habitual decisions an individual or culture makes when choosing what foods to eat. Although humans are omnivores, each culture holds some food preferences and some food taboos. Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy. Proper nutrition requires the proper ingestion and equally important, the absorption of vitamins, minerals, and fuel in the form of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in health and mortality, and can also define cultures and play a role in religion.

Contents

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[] Traditional diet

"Traditional diet" is the diets of native populations such as the Native Americans, Khoisan or Australian Aborigines.

Traditional diets vary with availability of local resources, such as fish in coastal towns or grains in farming towns, as well as with cultural and religious customs and taboos. In some cases, the crops and domestic animals that characterize a traditional diet have been replaced by modern high-yield crops, and are no longer available.[2] The slow food movement attempts to counter this trend and to preserve traditional diets.

[] Religious and cultural dietary choices

Some cultures and religions have restrictions concerning what foods are acceptable in their diet. For example, only Kosher foods are permitted by Judaism, and Halal foods by Islam.

[] Diet and life outcome

A study published in the British medical journal The Lancet demonstrated that those who had been well-fed soon after they were born earned almost 50% more in average salary than those who had not. The study was performed by giving a high-nutrition supplement to some infants and a lower-nutrition supplement to others, with only the researchers knowing which infants received which supplements (see double-blind study.) The infants that received the high-nutrition supplement had higher average salaries, proving that infant nutrition affects cognitive development independent of other factors such as class or parental income.[1]

[] Individual dietary choices

Many individuals choose to limit what foods they eat for reasons of health, morality, environmental impact, or other factors. Additionally, many people choose to forgo food from animal sources to varying degrees; see vegetarianism, veganism, fruitarianism, living foods diet, and raw foodism.

Properly planned vegetarian and vegan diets have been found to completely satisfy nutritional needs in every stage of life,[3]and significantly reduce risks of major diseases.

[] Diets for weight management

Main articles: Dieting and Diet food

A particular diet may be chosen to seek weight gain, weight loss, sports training, cardio-vascular health, avoidance of cancers, food allergies and for other reasons. Changing a subject's dietary intake, or "going on a diet", can change the energy balance and increase or decrease the amount of fat stored by the body. Some foods are specifically recommended, or even altered, for conformity to the requirements of a particular diet. These diets are often recommended in conjunction with exercise.

[] Eating disorders

An eating disorder is a mental disorder that interferes with normal food consumption. Eating disorders often affect people with a negative body image.

[] Health

Main article: Healthy diet

A healthy diet is one that is arrived at with the intent of improving or maintaining optimal health. This usually involves consuming nutrients by eating the appropriate amounts from all of the food groups, including an adequate amount of water.[4][5][6] Since human nutrition is complex, a healthy diet may vary widely, and is subject to an individual's genetic makeup, environment, and health. For around 20% of the human population, lack of food and malnutrition are the main impediments to healthy eating.[citation needed] Conversabout ely, people in developed countries have the opposite problem; they are more concerned obesity.[citation needed]


comment: Many people worried about their health.Did they wonder that balancing diet is important in their

own life?Nanana,actually not al people is concern about this matter.They just take whatever meal that they

want to eat.It is not good to our body.Our body not receive enough nutrition to balancing our body and keep

it health.So,being careful in taking meal.


Wednesday, July 30, 2008

ENTRY 3

Biography

[edit] Early life

Sudirman was born on 25 May 1954 in Temerloh, Pahang and was the youngest child of 6 children born to Arshad Hassan and Ramlah Dahlan (once a stateswoman in Pahang during the 1950s). His passion for singing and entertaining started at a very young age. His brothers, sisters and neighbours would happily let him entertain them with his singing. After turning down a scholarship to further his studies in Science, he studied Law instead, and received his degree from the University of Malaya. He was called to the Bar and became a practising lawyer. He married Kamariah Jamaluddin in 1981 but divorced her 3 years later.

[edit] Career

He was named 'Malaysia's Singing Ambassador' by the Malaysia Tourism Development Board (TDB). He was the voice behind the TDB tune, To know Malaysia is to love Malaysia which was composed by American Emmy, Grammy and Oscar nominated singer and songwriter Carol Connors. He was referred to as the 'Singing Dynamite' by Singaporean journalists. His singing brought him standing ovations in Australia (in Sydney and Melbourne), Japan, Kuwait, and Hawaii, United States.

He won many local competitions from Bintang RTM Best Singer (1976) to Muzik-Muzik TV3 Best Performer and Berita Harian Popularity contest Most Popular Artist. He topped Malaysian, Brunei and Indonesia charts with songs such as "Merisik Khabar", "Milik Siapakah Gadis Ini" and "Sampaikan Salam". Songwriters who have supported him in the past included S.A tan, Manan Ngah, Michael Veerapan and Syed Harun.

He was also the first Malaysian singer to perform at The Paddock at the Hilton of Kuala Lumpur and was the singing ambassador for companies such as Proton, Malaysia Airlines, Honda Cup and honored pioneer card member with Hong Leong Bank. He was known for his versatility and sang Malay, Indian and Chinese songs with outstanding choreography. He was known to have sketched the portrait of a fan while singing.

Local musicians who have played for him included Boon, Jay Jay (singer guitarist), Mac Chiew and Jenny Chin. Local famous women who have performed as his back-up singers include Joanne (Zainal Abidin's wife), Samantha Schubert and Linda Jasmine Hashim (now one of the leading dancing choreographer cum teacher in Malaysia's famous real TV program Akademi Fantasia).

However, Sudirman had his fair share of detractors as well as fans. Many Muslim fundamentalists & leftists detested his concert performances. Some even threatened and distributed warning pamphlets of "something would happen" during his Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi concert to deter people from attending. The concert was postponed following protests from the UKM students union body, its academic staff association and the dean of the Islamic Studies faculty and six other student body. This incident was captured by Zainuddin Maidin (now Minister of Information) in his book "The Other side of Mahathir". He narrated that the Prime Minister (then) had called upon some ministers to his residence to review the situation as the issue reflected Malaysia's position in terms of modernization. Sudirman's fans turned up in force crowding the concert hall. Sudirman went about pleasing the crowd, crooning his hits. One campus resident said, "At last something alive has come here". The negativity surrounding the UKM incident was not long-lasting. A couple of years after Sudirman's death in 1992, UKM held a Sudirman karaoke competition.

He was also a writer; he wrote an autobiography "Dari Dalam Sudir", cartoons and weekly columns for magazines and some local newspapers. One of his books for children was recognized the Best by Mobil-Mabopa. (A Mobil Oil book writing competition. He also successfully hosted Malaysia's high TV program gameshow "Keluarga Bahagia Singer", a program sponsored by a home appliance company then called SINGER.

Sudirman produced an album for his nephew, Razman Azrai, under Sudirman Productions. Atai had a couple of hit songs that topped the charts in 1985. Sudirman also became Malaysia's first successful singer entrepreneur providing Malaysia's most famous carbonated drink SUDI (which broke 5% of carbonated drink market within 6 months operation - with business magazines and TV programs from Australia to Hong Kong featuring the drinks) and opened a franchise of Sudi Shoppe apparel and Sudi restaurant. He was Malaysia's first singer to be on the cover of Malaysian Business and Asian Business magazine. He had a business office atop the UBN Shangrila Tower and Sri Hartamas. He was also a champion for Malaysian music industry, playing the role of Vice President for Singers, Musicians & Composers Association of Malaysia - PAPITA.

Sudirman also acted in a film Kami, which was released in 1982. He played the lead in a tale where two destitute orphans found each other amidst the Kuala Lumpur street life. This film also spawned a track, "Pelangi Petang" (Malay meaning "Evening Rainbow") which has been heralded as an iconic song in Malaysia's music industry.

In 15 April 1986, he held an open air concert on Chow Kit Road, which was the first time ever that a street concert drew a 100,000 person crowd on a Monday night. It jammed the stretch of Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Raja Muda to Jalan Raja Alang. Several fans fainted, many left with fond memories, a few suffocated and were rushed to the hospital due to the crush of the crowd. To quote a local newspaper The Star, "KL came to a standstill and it had nothing to do with the recession but with a one man, Malaysia's top entertainer, an electrifying performance and most memorable night".

Simon Napier-Bell, the manager for Wham! (George Michael's band) referred to Sudirman as the 'institution of Malaysian music industry'.

Sudirman's songs topped the charts with every new album that was released. There was a time when his song "Merisik Khabar" went up as #1 song for 2 months while his second song "Milik Siapa Gadis Ini" from the same album came in second and stayed at the top for a few weeks after "Merisik Khabar"

In 1989, Sudirman won the title "Best Performer" in Asia Music Award 1989 contest at Royal Albert Hall, London where Leslie Cheung (Hong Kong Megastar), Anita Sarawak (Singapore Diva), Epo (Japan), Kuh Ledesma s (Philippines) and many other chosen singers (based on their merit) who represented their own respective countries. An information officer at the Malaysia High Commission, Revi Pilla, said he still remembers going to the Royal Albert Hall in 1989 when the late Sudirman Haji Arshad performed at the Salem Music Awards.“I went to see Sudir with other Malaysian friends. It was such a great atmosphere. We were so proud." The crowd that filled the room was mostly made up of Asian fans skewed mainly towards residents of Hong Kong and Singapore, but Sudirman won ther hearts to a point where they cheered for Sudirman as if he were theirs.

He was known by many in the 80s as "Malaysia's No 1 Entertainer". Naturally he was chosen to be the performer that closes Malaysia's SEA Games, the opening ceremony of Sepak Takraw competition and many other national functions and competitions. In most cases, he would use his own money to make his concert successful. He is also well known for his charity work where he helped invite veteran artists to have spots in shows. Money charity for mosque and people in need is something he would do willingly. During his life he had also adopted and brought up an Indian boy from a poor family and he actively seeks charity work through PAPITA (Malaysian Singer Association)

In Singapore he had a strong following as was seen when he made a concert in Singapore's Kallang National Stadium in August 1987. Girls and even moms were biting their knuckles and people came from all walks of life and races. Kelvin Tan Look Siew Director of Singapore Armed Forces Music & Drama company said "We wanted to bring down a prominent artist from the region and Sudirman's name automatically cropped up".

EMI London took him on to work together with Stock, Aitken & Waterman (British producer trio who took on Kylie Minogue, Jason Donovan and Rick Astley) for world market and he recorded an album but time was not on his side.

[edit] Death

Sudirman was rumored to have died from AIDS as it was a hot topic in the 80s and others insisted that it was witchcraft; the Ministry of Health required that all deaths resulting from AIDS be recorded as such. The cause of his death became a topic of discussion among the media with some speculating that his actual cause of death took place even earlier than recorded and was believed that he was buried in the UK. His sister and Mohd Radzi Sheikh Ahmad (now Minister of Home Affairs) announced that he died as a result of a cerebrovascular stroke.

He died at 4.00 am 22 February 1992, aged 37, at his sister’s (Datin Radiah) house, at No. 16 Jalan Taban Satu, Lucky Garden, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur.

He was brought back for burial in his hometown Temerloh, Pahang and was buried at Chengal Muslim Cemetery, Temerloh near the graves of his parents.

[edit] After Sudirman's Era

His work was recognized by the industry when he was posthumously awarded an AIM (Anugerah Industri Muzik) award and a street was named Jalan Sudirman after him in his hometown of Temerloh. PAPITA created an award especially categorized under his name Anugerah Sudirman of which to this date has yet to be won by anyone.

In April of 2006, the Malaysian parliamentary member from Sri Gading (Datuk Mohamed Aziz - BN) commented that he regarded Sudirman as a mediocre singer and that he could not even take on the member of parliament himself.[1]

[edit] His achievements


comment: his achievements and his successful in his life makes me attract to talk about him for my presentation.He not only success in singing but he also success in his study.So,he show that none thing can't stop us to grab the gold in our life.That's mean,nothing is impossible in our life.

Sunday, July 27, 2008

ENTRY 2

Fasting

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Fasting is primarily the act of willingly abstaining from some or all food, drink, or both, for a period of time. A fast may be total or partial concerning that from which one fasts, and may be prolonged or intermittent as to the period of fasting. Fasting practices may preclude sexual activity as well as food, in addition to refraining from eating certain types or groups of foods; for example, one might refrain from eating meat. A complete fast in its traditional definition is abstinence of all food and liquids except for water.

Fasting for religious and spiritual reasons has been a part of human custom since pre-history. It is mentioned in the Bible, in both the Old Testament (the Tanach) and New Testament, the Qur'an, the Mahabharata, and the Upanishads. Fasting is also practiced in many other religious traditions and spiritual practices.

Fasting is also used in a medical context to refer to the state achieved after digestion of a meal. A number of metabolic adjustments occur during fasting and many medical diagnostic tests are standardized for fasting conditions. For most medical purposes a person is assumed to be fasting after 8-12 hours. A diagnostic fast refers to prolonged fasting (from 8-72 hours depending on age) conducted under medical observation for investigation of a problem, usually hypoglycemia. Fasting has occasionally been recommended as a therapeutic intervention by physicians of many cultures, though it is uncommonly resorted to for this purpose by modern doctors.

Saturday, July 26, 2008

ENTRY 1

Food

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Foods from plant sources
Foods from plant sources

Food is any substance, usually composed primarily of carbohydrates, fats, water and/or proteins, that can be eaten or drunk by an animal or human for nutrition or pleasure. Items considered food may be sourced from plants, animals or other categories such as fungus or fermented products like alcohol. Although many human cultures sought food items through hunting and gathering, today most cultures use farming, ranching, and fishing, with hunting, foraging and other methods of a local nature included but playing a minor role.

Most traditions have a recognizable cuisine, a specific set of cooking traditions, preferences, and practices, the study of which is known as gastronomy. Many cultures have diversified their foods by means of preparation, cooking methods and manufacturing. This also includes a complex food trade which helps the cultures to economically survive by-way-of food, not just by consumption.

Many cultures study the dietary analysis of food habits. While humans are omnivores, religion and social constructs such as morality often affect which foods they will consume. Food safety is also a concern with foodborne illness claiming many lives each year. In many languages, food is often used metaphorically or figuratively, as in "food for thought".